Three continents, three countries: the remote education by higher education students in the pandemic time

The epidemiological situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the close of physical spaces of schools of all levels of education. To overcome this, it was necessary to adopt emergency measures, including Emergency Remote Education (ERE), using technologies to interact synchronously with students. Besides, it was also required to reconfigure educational practices and develop skills in digital literacy to enable the continuity of educational experiences, respecting isolation but maintaining the interaction of teachers and students. We consider that it is essential to collect information about the degree of student satisfaction with the (ERE) in three countries (Portugal, Brazil and Turkey), located on three continents (Europe, America and Asia). Data were collected on 19/20 and 20/21 by researchers from the countries using a survey created on Google Forms, assuring the confidentiality of the data. We obtained 566 valid responses: Portugal 140, Turkey 359 and Brazil 67. From the results, the models chosen in the three countries did not please in a unanimous way all the students involved. There are significant differences in access, knowledge of the platforms used and even in the methodologies used by different teachers concerning countries. On the contrary, about the possibility of moving to a permanent online model, there is unanimity, verifying from the opinions that face-to-face education is not replaceable by the model that has been used over the last two years.

ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE IN THE COVID-19 CONTEXT: THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT TO THE SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL EXISTENTIAL MINIMUM

Objective: The purpose of this article is to analyze environmental injustice in the context of Covid-19, especially how systematic violations of the socio-environmental rights of vulnerable populations contribute to contamination and the increase in the number of deaths among this marginalized group. Likewise, the objective is to demonstrate that the socio-environmental existential minimum-the essential core of fundamental human rights-is a condition for guaranteeing the principle of human dignity, and as such, it cannot be an object of discretion, nor can it be relativized. Therefore, given the failure of the State to implement it, this right can be claimed in court. Methodology: The methodology used in this research, regarding the means, was developed through the deductive, descriptive and qualitative method, through bibliographical, doctrinal and jurisprudential analysis. As for the purposes, the research was qualitative. Results: Although it is said that the new coronavirus is a democratic virus, reaching rich and poor, reality has shown that the pandemic "chooses” those who live in precarious conditions as its preferred victims. Contribution: It is concluded that in the short term the ethical imperative requires "doing whatever is necessary” to preserve human lives and guarantee a life with dignity for all. However, in a post-pandemic period, the country's economic reconstruction must be done on new bases-more sustainable, inclusive and promoting justice. © 2023, Centro Universitario Curitiba - UNICURITIBA. All rights reserved.

Changes in purchasing behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic and impacts on trip patterns

Consumer behavior has changed over time, influenced by the emergence of e-commerce and e-delivery services. The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified the use of technologies influencing people's behavior for shopping activities and access to services. This study aims to understand the changes in commuting patterns for purchases, trip chaining, and the decision of internet purchases during the pandemic, by identifying groups with similar behaviors and relationships with their socioeconomic characteristics. For this purpose, data were collected in May 2020, considering the travel patterns for purchases and the use of the Internet during this period. Shopping patterns, chained travel, and the decision to purchase over the Internet are characterized by descriptive statistical analysis. Next, cluster analysis is used to identify groups of individuals with similar behavior changes and subsequent analysis of socioeconomic variables related to the groups. Preliminary results showed that travel reduction due to purchases is higher among women and users of public transport. There has been a significant reduction in travel for the consumption of durable goods and chained trips for general purchases. Consumption of convenience products and essential goods over the Internet increased among people who had never bought such products online and started doing so during the pandemic. Among the factors of choice for internet purchase, the absence of direct contact with people during the purchase gained significant relevance during the pandemic. These changes in behavior bring to light the need for a reflection on the effectiveness of urban logistics solutions and a discussion of the impacts of reducing trips to purchases.

The relevance of virtual reality and increased reality in events with streaming and livestreaming in COVID and post-COVID-19 era: A touristic perspective

The gradual transformation of technological means has opened up new perspectives and different ways of communicating and presenting a product/service in the events area, making it possible to attract and engage participants. The watchwords became artificial intelligence, digital currencies, advancing robotics, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR). While VR completely immerses the user within a virtual (non-physical) environment, AR allows the user to view the real world with virtual objects in overlap with real objects;in short, VR replaces reality while AR complements it. Given this scenario, events with streaming can be understood as the transfer of data on the internet. To send multimedia information from servers to clients, as livestream, enables real-time transmission that allows users to view and direct video content using a camera and a computer over the internet. These resources started to be widely used in the COVID-19 pandemic period because the world events sector is highly affected by the demands of social isolation by the Heads of State of several countries. The recognition of this need leads the consumer to a decision-making process that determines what to buy and what to consume. The general objective of this article is to present the relevance of VR and AR used in events with streaming and livestream in times of COVID and post-COVID-19. © 2023 Apple Academic Press, Inc. Co-published with CRC Press (Taylor & Francis).

What changed between the peak and plateau periods of the first COVID-19 pandemic wave? A multicentric Portuguese cohort study in intensive care

Objective: To analyze and compare COVID-19 patient characteristics, clinical management and outcomes between the peak and plateau periods of the first pandemic wave in Portugal. Methods: This was a multicentric ambispective cohort study including consecutive severe COVID-19 patients between March and August 2020 from 16 Portuguese intensive care units. The peak and plateau periods, respectively, weeks 10 - 16 and 17 - 34, were defined. Results: Five hundred forty-one adult patients with a median age of 65 [57 - 74] years, mostly male (71.2%), were included. There were no significant differences in median age (p = 0.3), Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (40 versus 39;p = 0.8), partial arterial oxygen pressure/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio (139 versus 136;p = 0.6), antibiotic therapy (57% versus 64%;p = 0.2) at admission, or 28-day mortality (24.4% versus 22.8%;p = 0.7) between the peak and plateau periods. During the peak period, patients had fewer comorbidities (1 [0 - 3] versus 2 [0 - 5];p = 0.002) and presented a higher use of vasopressors (47% versus 36%;p < 0.001) and invasive mechanical ventilation (58.1 versus 49.2%;p < 0.001) at admission, prone positioning (45% versus 36%;p = 0.04), and hydroxychloroquine (59% versus 10%;p < 0.001) and lopinavir/ ritonavir (41% versus 10%;p < 0.001) prescriptions. However, a greater use of high-flow nasal cannulas (5% versus 16%, p < 0.001) on admission, remdesivir (0.3% versus 15%;p < 0.001) and corticosteroid (29% versus 52%, p < 0.001) therapy, and a shorter ICU length of stay (12 days versus 8, p < 0.001) were observed during the plateau. Conclusion: There were significant changes in patient comorbidities, intensive care unit therapies and length of stay between the peak and plateau periods of the first COVID-19 wave. © 2023 Associacao de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira - AMIB. All rights reserved.

Virtual screening for uveal melanoma: A Princess Margaret cancer centre perspective during the COVID-19 pandemic

Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (PM) receives roughly 120 new patients (pts) per year with uveal melanoma (UM). Moderate to high-risk pts, based on AJCC staging and cytogenetics, undergo a strict surveillance program for metastases with liver MRI every 4-6 months and annual chest imaging. The importance of surveillance has been highlighted by new therapies which are likely more effective in pts with lower volume metastases. In this single center retrospective study, we assessed the effectiveness of a virtual surveillance model, by comparing UM pts on standard in-person surveillance (SS) pre-COVID (August 2018 to March 2020) with virtual surveillance (VS) after COVID onset (April 2020 to November 2021). Virtual visits were done through phone or MS Teams video calls, and images were done either locally or externally. We identified 106 pts who underwent SS and 107 pts who underwent VS. In the SS group, 10 pts were diagnosed with metastasis and of these 9 (90%) were staged as M1a disease and 1 (10%) was M1b. In the VS group, 20 pts were diagnosed with metastases, 2 (10%) of which had M1b disease and 18 (90%) with M1a disease. Fifteen (14%) pts in the SS group and 34 (20%) pts in the VS group lived out of province;13 (12%) of the SS pts and 36 (21%) of pts in the VS cohort had scans externally. With regards to surveillance adherence in the SS group, 70 (66%) of pts had their scans performed on time versus 127 (75%) of pts in the VS cohort. Virtual screening of pts with moderate to high-risk UM during the COVID 19 pandemic showed similar ability to detect low volume disease compared with our standard screening. There was a higher level of adherence to screening during the VS period. When implemented appropriately, VS appears to be an effective model to monitor UM pts.

Alpha 1-Acid Glycoprotein is Involved With Neutrophil Nets in COVID-19

Introduction: Orosomucoid also named Alpha-1 Acid Glycoprotein(AGP) is a major acute-phase protein and is increased in response to systemic injury and inflammation. AGP has been described as an inhibitor of neutrophil migration on sepsis, particularly its immunomodulation effects. The AGP biological functions are not understood in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Hypothesis: We hypothesize that plasmatic AGP is upregulated in severe Covid-19 patients and is involved in the regulation of netosis. Therefore, we sought to investigate the role of AGP in plasmatic from COVID-19 severe infection patients and neutrophils infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SarsCov-2). Method(s): Epidemiological data and AGP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (PCR), lactate, and other laboratorial parameters were measured in blood samples from 52 subjects hospitalized in the ICU with clinically SarsCov-2 infection confirmed by RT-PCR. To evaluate the role of AGP in netosis in neutrophils, blood samples from health patients (n=13) were collected, and neutrophils were separated and infected with Sars-Cov-2 (Moi=1). Those neutrophils were treated with AGP (10mug/ml) or vehicle for 18 hours and netosis was analyzed by flow cytometry (n=10) and immunofluorescence (IF;n=10). Early and late netosis, respectively, were characterized by negative or positive FVS and positive Sytox. The neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were investigated by myeloperoxidase (MPO), neutrophil elastase (NE), and DAPI by IF and quantified Netquant/Matlab software. This study was approved by Ethics Committee -CAAE: 30816620.0.0000.5440. Result(s): AGP increased in severe Covid-19 patients (p<0.05). A positive correlation between AGP with IL-6 and C-reactive protein (respectively, p=0.005, p=0.002) and a negative correlation between AGP and lactate (p=0.004) were found it. Together, AGP treatment downregulated early (35,7%) and late (43,5%) netosis in neutrophils infected with SarsCov-2. Confocal analysis by MPO, NE e DAPI showed NETs released by neutrophils infected with Sar-Cov-2 decreased when neutrophils were treated with AGP (p<0.05). Conclusion(s): Our data showed increased AGP in COVID-19 infection and contributed to netosis regulation.

Smart Tourism: How Can We Count on Digital in the Recovery of Post-covid Tourism in Portugal

The number of tourists who visited Portugal in 2019 reached historic highs, a trend that was eventually interrupted by the emergence of the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Several experts point out that tourism was one of the first sectors to suffer the impacts of the pandemic and one of the hardest to be hit. Tourism recovery is desirable and what needs to be clarified with this study is how the digital transition so present, for example, in the Recovery and Resilience Plan (PRR) can help to rescue this upward trend of visitors/tourists. The present research work intends to emphasize how digital can be decisive in the resumption of tourism in Portugal, taking into account the measures announced for this sector. The results are discussed in the light of the literature and future work is identified with a view to enhancing tourism, smart tourism and smart destinations. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

The Covid-19 pandemic and the vulnerability of tourism workers in Brazil

The Covid-19 pandemic, decreed in March 2020 by the World Health Organization - WHO, generated a global crisis affecting various economic sectors of society, including tourism with a reduction in the Nominal Revenue of Tourism Characteristic Activities - ACTs, generating unemployment, concomitant to the period of implementation of the Labor Reform of 2017. The objective of this article is to know the dynamics of employment in ACTs during the Covid-19 pandemic, considered a period of exception in the national context, to understand if there were or not a deterioration in the labor vulnerability situation and on the work in tourism from the analysis of the types of contracts in force during the years 2020 and 2021 concerning workers in general. It was chosen as a methodological path the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data collected in the New General Register of Employed and Unemployed - Novo Caged, by analyzing the balance of jobs in the ACTs, the profile of temporary and intermittent contracts from the variable gender in the mentioned period. Finally, the negative balance of jobs as a result observed in the first wave did not recover in the following period of the resumption of activities in the sector. As for precarious contracts, it was observed that these had a higher compound growth rate than those for an indefinite period, in which women were the majority.

Dismantling of indigenous territories and conservation units in the new arc of deforestation in Rondônia/Brazil and Beni/Bolívia (2018-2020)

The Amazon, as it becomes the scene for sacrifices that serve to solidify economic-political agreements, is the object of an asymmetric war due to new appropriations and capitalization. Our purpose was to demonstrate how the different fronts of dispossession in the Amazon Region advance and intertwine so that the practices of stigmatization and extermination that drive them are made explicit. Our objective was to map the new arc of deforestation in the Amazon, identifying a set of threats to the Conservation Corridor of the State of Rondônia and the border region with Bolivia, more specifically the region comprising the Guajará-Mirim State Park, the Jaci Paraná Extractive Reserve, and the Indigenous Lands Karipuna, Igarapé Ribeirão, Igarapé Lage. These are Conservation Units and Indigenous Territories severely affected by timber, mineral, and agricultural activities on both sides of the border. The Amazon Region has served to deepen the neo-extractive productive profile of Brazil and the Latin American continent, a profile that increasingly depends on the flexibility of territorial rights and the precariousness of the workforce. This regime of territorial simplification and political reduction comprises a) regulatory frameworks at the request of investors;b) discursive formations for the opening of borders against any environmental limit or social agreement;c) militarization (and paramilitarization) of territories in the process of appropriation. We elaborated social cartographies that provided a spatial understanding of the business strategies that converge for this region. In response to these strategies, we observed resistance processes in a context of “duplicate risk” to which indigenous and original peoples are subjected, considering the perversely different effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on them. © 2022 Universidade Federal do Parana. All rights reserved.

Brazilian Tourists in the Context of the Covid-19 Health Crisis

In the context of a tragic health crisis due to the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic and yet to start vaccinating the population, it was noted that there was a domestic tourism flow resumed in Brazil as of September 2020. Understanding the need for people to travel in such an adverse environment has encouraged the realisation of this research with the aim of contributing to a better insight into tourism dynamics in the face of a health crisis caused by the covid-19 pandemic where the focus of the analysis is the Brazilian tourists. Accordingly, it was elaborated and applied a data collection tool on Google Forms covering the main variables to describe the profile and people attitudes who travel for leisure during the covid-19 pandemic in Brazil in the period of April 2020 to February 2021. Among the survey results, it is observed that the main motivation why respondents travelled was their "desire for rest, leisure and entertainment" seconded by the " need/desire to leave home" addressing the subjectivity of breaking with everyday life which, during a pandemic, can be even more stressful. There was a concern on coronavirus contamination but it did not prevent travel under health protection rules, particularly when choosing to travel by private or hired vehicle to natural or less urbanized environments where crowds could be avoided in a sense of security, a model close to the tourists' romantic gaze practiced by higher-income travellers.

Forecasting the COVID-19 Space-time Dynamics in Brazil with Convolutional Graph Neural Networks and Transport Modals

One of the major challenges imposed by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is the lack of pattern in which the virus spreads, making it difficult to create effective policies to prevent and tackle the pandemic. Several approaches have been proposed to understand the virus behavior and anticipate its infection and death curves at country ans state levels, thus supporting containment measures. Those initiatives generalize well for general extents and decisions, but they do not predict so well the trajectory of the virus through specific regions, such as municipalities, considering their distinct interconnection profiles. Specially in countries with continental dimensions, like Brazil, too general decisions imply that containment measures are applied either too soon or too late. This study presents a novel scalable alternative to forecast the numbers of case and death by SARS-CoV-2, according to the influence that certain regions exert on others. By exploiting a single-model architecture of graph convolutional networks with recurrent networks, our approach maps the main access routes to municipalities in Brazil using the modals of transport, and processes this information via neural network algorithms to forecast at the municipal level ans for the whole country. We compared the performance in forecasting the pandemic daily numbers with three baseline models using Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (sMAPE) and Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) metrics, with the forecasting horizon varying from 1 to 25 days. Results show that the proposed model overcomes the baselines when considering the MAE and NRMSE (p ˂0.01), being specially suitable for forecasts from 14 to 24 days ahead. Author

PERFIL DOS CANDIDATOS À DOAÇÃO DE SANGUE NA FUNDAÇÃO HEMOMINAS DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19

Objetivo: Comparar o perfil dos candidatos à doação de sangue da Fundação Hemominas antes e durante a pandameia da Covid-19. Material e método: Foram analisados os históricos dos candidatos à doação de sangue em todas as 21 Unidades da Fundação na Hemominas nos períodos de 01/03/2019 a 29/02/2020 e 01/03/2020 a 28/02/2021. As categorias epidemiológicas analisadas foram: tipo de doador (primeira vez, esporádico, retorno), faixa etária (menores de 18, 18-29 anos, 30-39 anos, 40-49 anos, 50-59 anos e maiores de 60), gênero (masculino e feminino), etnia/cor da pele (branca, parda, amarela, indígena, negra, não informado), estado civil (solteiro, viúvo, casado/união estável, desquitado/separado/divorciado, não-informado), escolaridade (não alfabetizado, fundamental, médio, técnico, superior, pós-graduação, não informado). As informações foram obtidas a partir do Banco de dados da Fundação Hemominas do Sistema Hemote Plus e feita análise quantitativa comparativa dos dados encontrados. Resultados: Entre os dois períodos analisados (antes e durante a pandemia) observou-se: redução de 11% no comparecimento (344.115 para 307.707);de 14% do sexo masculino (183.065 para 157.815);de 7% do feminino (161.050 para 149.892);de 42% dos candidatos não-alfabetizados (420 para 242), de 25% dos que cursaram até ensino fundamental (71.809 para 53.599). Em contrapartida, houve aumento de 14% dos candidatos com pós-graduação (1.975 para 2.252);de 7% dos candidatos com nível superior (81.112 para 87.044);de 401% dos candidatos menores de 18 anos (564 para 2.828);de 43% dos candidatos que se autodeclararam indígenas (35 para 50);de 2% dos candidatos esporádicos que se declararam solteiros (42.907 para 43.873). Discussão: Diferente de crises anteriores, a Covid-19 trouxe um contexto marcado por medidas como diminuição do transporte público e restrição de circulação de pessoas, que afetaram, simultaneamente, todas as categorias do perfil epidemiológico do candidato à doação de sangue. Todavia, as mesmas não sofreram impacto linear como se denota ao observar-se o exponencial aumento do comparecimento dos menores de idade, dos candidatos com nível superior ou pós-graduação;a diminuição daqueles com menor escolaridade, que em outras crises, a representatividade era maior ou a diminuição da desproporção entre os sexos. Conclusão: A Covid-19 é um dos maiores flagelos sanitários da humanidade contemporânea, com efeitos diretos na Hemoterapia, mesmo não sendo a transfusão, rotineiramente necessária no paciente internado devido à infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2. Os bancos de sangue se depararam com queda abrupta de comparecimento de candidatos à doação e consequente decréscimo nos estoques de hemocomponentes. As mudanças no perfil epidemiológico dos candidatos à doação de sangue na pandemia supõe a necessidade de aprimoramento das estratégias de sensibilização e conscientização da população com relação à importância da doação de sangue, além disso são necessárias medidas de controle e racionalização dos estoques dos hemocomponentes com o intuito de minimizar os impactos gerados em momentos de crises sanitárias que limitem ou interfiram na oferta de sangue.

IMPACTO DA COVID-19 NA REDE HEMOTERÁPICA: EXPERIÊNCIA DA FUNDAÇÃO HEMOMINAS

Objetivos: Verificar o impacto da pandemia da doença causada pelo SARS-CoV-2, também conhecida como COVID-19, no comparecimento de doadores de sangue e na coleta de sangue na Fundação Hemominas (FH). Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal no período de janeiro a junho de 2020. Os dados obtidos foram comparados a uma série histórica de 2016 a 2019. As variáveis analisadas foram: número de comparecimento total de doadores e número de coletas de sangue. Resultados: A análise evidenciou redução no número de candidatos a doação de sangue, nas coletas de sangue e na produção de hemocomponentes na FH a partir de março de 2020, mês em que foi notificado o primeiro caso de COVID-19 em Minas Gerais. Os resultados mostraram que as unidades integrantes da rede FH foram afetados de forma distinta pela pandemia. Houve redução média geral em torno de 17% no comparecimento de doadores de sangue e na coleta de hemocomponentes no período de março a junho. Dados globais apontaram abril como mês de maior redução na quantidade de doadores e de coletas com quedas de 9,11% e 19,22%, respectivamente, em comparação ao mesmo período da série histórica 2016-2019. Nos meses de maio e junho observou-se ligeira recuperação desses parâmetros, o que refletiu na maior produção de hemocomponentes. A taxa de retorno dos doadores de sangue aumentou em todos os meses analisados em 2020 quando comparada às médias dos anos anteriores. Discussão: A manutenção da produção de hemocomponentes durante a pandemia de COVID-19 tem sido um desafio em diferentes lugares do mundo, como Itália, Irã, China, Estados Unidos e Brasil, que, no primeiro semestre de 2020, se tornou o segundo país com o maior número de casos relatados de COVID-19. No presente estudo, o único indicador que apresentou aumento para todos os meses de 2020 em relação à média dos anos anteriores foi a taxa de retorno de doadores de sangue, causado pela adoção de medidas de recrutamento ativo de doadores de repetição. A FH implantou um plano de contingência (funcionamento em horários alternativos;envio de mensagens para confirmação de comparecimento;aumento do recrutamento hospitalar;campanhas nas mídias alertando sobre a queda nos estoques e reforçando a seguridade dos locais de doação) que permitiu melhorar a gestão hemoterápica. Medidas semelhantes foram usadas pelo Hemocentro de Campinas, São Paulo, resultando em um aumento médio de 14% no número de doações semanais em relação ao período pré-pandêmico. A queda nas doações de sangue não implicou indisponibilidade de sangue devido ao adiamento de cirurgias eletivas, monitoramento de estoques e efetividade no uso de hemocomponentes. O número de transfusões executadas em 2020 foi menor em relação à série histórica em todos os meses avaliados, com a maior queda ocorrendo em maio (23,8%). Conclusão: A redução da doação de sangue durante o período pandêmico foi significativa, apesar das medidas adotadas. O recrutamento de doadores de retorno foi uma medida importante a para diminuir o efeito da pandemia nos estoques de sangue. As pandemias emergentes são um desafio para os Hemocentros, que devem estar aptos para adotar medidas emergenciais que mitiguem o impacto no comparecimento de doadores e na produção de hemocomponentes. A atuação em rede de unidades cooperativas é uma estratégia dos Hemocentros para superar esses desafios.

ANÁLISE DE CITOCINAS E QUIMIOCINAS NO PLASMA DE PACIENTES COM COVID-19 E DOADORES DE SANGUE ASSINTOMÁTICOS INFECTADOS COM SARS-COV-2

Objetivos: Comparar níveis de citocinas e quimiocinas entre indivíduos infectados com SARS-CoV-2 com COVID-19 grave ou com a forma assintomática da infecção, a fim de avaliar quais destes marcadores biológicos de resposta inflamatória são indicadores de gravidade da infecção viral. Métodos: Foram analisados dados clínicos de 48 pacientes com COVID-19 hospitalizados no Hospital Eduardo de Menezes (FHEMIG, MG) no período de 07 de julho a 21 de novembro de 2020, que necessitaram ou não de assistência em terapia intensiva (grupos UTI e sem UTI, respectivamente). Foi feita a quantificação dos níveis de citocinas (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF, IFN-, IL-17A) e quimiocinas (CCL2, CCL5, CXCL8, CXCL9 e CXCL10) do plasma de 14 pacientes UTI e 17 pacientes sem UTI que tinham COVID-19 grave no momento da coleta da amostra, além de 24 doadores de sangue da Fundação Hemominas com infecção ativa pelo SARS-CoV-2 (RT-PCR positiva) que eram assintomáticos no momento da coleta da amostra. Resultados: A análise clínica dos pacientes UTI (n = 19) em comparação àqueles que não usaram UTI (n = 29) não mostrou diferença estatística quanto à frequência de comorbidades e de sinais e sintomas para COVID-19 na admissão hospitalar. A comorbidade mais comum foi hipertensão (62,5%), seguida por diabetes (37,5%) e obesidade (22,9%). Tosse, dispneia, febre, fatiga e mialgia foram os sinais e sintomas mais prevalentes de COVID-19 em ambos os grupos. Entretanto, os pacientes UTI desenvolveram doença grave ou crítica que requereu um período de hospitalização em média duas vezes mais longo que o grupo sem UTI (p < 0,001). O conjunto dos pacientes com COVID-19 mostrou níveis significativamente mais altos de IL6, IL10 e CCL5 que os doadores assintomáticos. Na comparação dos grupos dos pacientes houve diferença significativa apenas para IFN, com níveis mais elevados nos pacientes UTI. Discussão: Apesar do grupo de pacientes UTI apresentarem quadro de COVID-19 mais grave que os pacientes sem UTI, a frequência de sinais e sintomas da doença e de comorbidades não foi significativamente diferente entre os grupos. A evolução da COVID-19 de assintomática para grave e crítica tem sido associada com intensa resposta inflamatória, o que está de acordo com maiores níveis de IL6, IL10 e CCL5 observados nos pacientes em comparação aos doadores assintomáticos. Nível de IFN pode ser especial indicador de gravidade da doença. Conclusão: Marcadores biológicos, como citocinas e quimiocinas, podem ser melhores preditores de evolução da COVID-19 que sinais clínicos e sintomas. Suporte financeiro: Fundação Hemominas e SES/MG.

BUILDING LINES OF EDUCATIONAL SCAPE IN TIMES OF COVID-19 FROM A "SO-CIO-POE-A-FE-TA-DA" EXPERIENCE

It is pertinent in the experienced pandemic context to build educational connections from previous experiences. With the objective of reflecting, using a report coming from the experiences in the Sociology of Education subject, which were the positive contributions that lead to thinking about the pedagogue constructive aspects in a pandemic scenario. The methodological course used was the analyses of real experiences. It was observed that the concept of experiences and Minor Education are relevant in the construction and performance of the teacher. The subject prompted the authors to think how Sociopoetics can enhance the remote education making it a potency in the fight against the attempt to shackle the public Superior Education.

UNDERSTANDING THE CONTRADITORY IN THE COVID-19 SCENARIO: CHALLENGES AND POSSIBILITIES

Objective: The study proposes a phenomenological analysis of the contradictory during the declared pandemic scenario, to identify challenges and possibilities for its effectiveness. To this end, it proposes the updating of legal hermeneutics, as a condition for the possibility of constructing constitutionally adequate and compatible responses to Fundamental Rights and Guarantees, in the virtual environment, through the practice of procedural acts Methodology: The deductive methodology is used, upon the technique of bibliographic research. Results: The article defends the possibility of correct answers in law, with semantic delimitations of the contradictory principle, constitutionally adequate to effect influence and not surprise, in the virtual environment, today enhanced by the Covid-19 pandemic. Contributions: The study addresses the influence of the constitutional reading of the contradictory, which through philosophical hermeneutics and the linguistic ontological turn, makes procedural guidelines compatible to guide the practice of electronic procedural acts. © 2021, Centro Universitario Curitiba - UNICURITIBA. All rights reserved.